Ultimum5

The chemical reaction set depends on NO/NO 2 in the presence reactive sites on the catalyst and NH 3 acting as a free radical first causing NO 2 to further oxidize and react with NH3, forming NH 4 NO 3 , which is then reduced by NO to NH 4 NO 2 and NO 2 , whereupon the NH 4 NO 2 decomposes to N 2 and H 2 O. The NO 2 formed by NO acting as a reductant is subject to the catalytic process as well. NO will oxidize to NO 2 , which then reacts with NH 3 and the catalyst and residual NO per the pathway outlined in the previous paragraph. It may be of interest to note that in typical engine exhaust, NO normally comprises the majority of NO X present and NO 2 comprises a smaller amount because of the stoichiometry of the air to fuel mixture. The emissions-affecting catalysts in Ultimum 5 are somewhat different that those typically used in SCR. Those Ultimum 5 catalysts are used commercially in redox reactions to create other useful chemicals. One of the interesting features of the catalysts used in Ultimum 5 is that they do not rely on NH 3 injected into the exhaust stream acting as a free radical to reduce NO x to N 2 and H 2 O. Instead, it is believed that hydrocarbon free radicals act in a manner similar to the NH 3 in SCR processes. CO 2 , NO X and SO X , in the presence of Ultimum 5 catalysts, are reduced to N 2 , molecular S, molecular C, and H 2 0 by the following proposed reaction pathways: 1.) Ultimum 5 + NO X + CH 2 → N 2 + CO 2 + H 2 O + O 2 + Ultimum 5 2.) Ultimum 5 + O 2 + SO X + CH 2 → S + CO 2 + H 2 O + Ultimum 5 3.) Ultimum 5 + CO 2 + CH → C + O 2 + H 2 O + Ultimum 5 Ultimum 5 does not change the characteristics of the fuel it is blended into, so a fuel that meets national/international fuel standards prior to blending with Ultimum 5 still meets those standards. NEW